Prolapsed disc, also known as a herniated disc, is a common spinal column condition. It happens when a portion of a spinal disc ruptures or bulges, putting pressure on nearby nerves and causing pain and discomfort. According to studies, prolapsed discs affect approximately 1-3% of the UK population, making it a significant health concern. It is possible to manage symptoms and avoid further complications with proper diagnosis and treatment. 

Causes of Prolapsed Disc: 

A prolapsed disc is usually caused by wear and tear or aging of the spinal column. However, other factors that may contribute to the condition include: 

• Lifting heavy weights improperly 
• Sitting or standing for extended periods 
• Repetitive activities that put stress on the back 
• Obesity or excessive weight gain 
• Smoking, which can affect blood flow to the spine 

Symptoms of Prolapsed Disc: 

The most common symptom of a prolapsed disc is back pain, which may be mild or severe, depending on the extent of the injury. Other symptoms may include: 

• Numbness or tingling in the arms or legs 
• Muscle weakness or spasms 
• Difficulty walking or standing up straight 
• Pain that worsens with coughing or sneezing 

Diagnosis and Treatment of Prolapsed Disc: 

If you have symptoms of a prolapsed disc, you should seek medical attention to confirm the diagnosis and determine the best course of treatment. A physical exam may be performed, as well as imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or an MRI, to determine the location and extent of the damage. 

Rest and self-care measures, such as applying ice or heat to the affected area, taking pain medication, and doing gentle exercises to improve mobility, are usually used to treat a prolapsed disc. Avoiding activities that aggravate the condition and gradually increasing physical activity as symptoms improve are critical. 

Physiotherapy may be recommended in some cases to help manage symptoms and prevent further complications. R3 By addressing underlying biomechanical issues and providing targeted exercises and education, physiotherapy can play an important role in the treatment and prevention of prolapsed discs. A physiotherapist can evaluate your condition and create a customised treatment plan that may include: 

• Manual therapy techniques to reduce pain and inflammation 
• Stretching and strengthening exercises to improve flexibility and stability 
• Postural correction to improve alignment and reduce stress on the spine 
• Education on proper lifting techniques, ergonomics, and injury prevention strategies 
• Laser therapy to encourage the body’s own healing

In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the damaged disc or relieve pressure on the nerves. 

Preventing Prolapsed Disc: 

The best way to prevent prolapsed discs is to maintain a healthy lifestyle and avoid activities that put stress on the back. Maintaining a healthy weight, quitting smoking, and doing regular exercise can help keep the spine healthy and prevent further damage. 

Proper posture, lifting techniques, and ergonomics can also help reduce the risk of prolapsed discs. Using ergonomic chairs, standing desks, or supportive braces can help reduce stress on the back and prevent further injury. 

Conclusion:

A prolapsed disc can be a painful and incapacitating condition, but with proper diagnosis and treatment, symptoms can be managed, and further complications avoided. R3 Physiotherapy can assist by addressing underlying biomechanical issues, as well as providing targeted exercises and education. If you have symptoms of a prolapsed disc, it is critical that you seek medical attention and take steps to manage your condition. You can maintain a healthy and active lifestyle while reducing your risk of prolapsed discs by taking preventative measures and seeking appropriate treatment. 

References 

Werndle, M.C., Reza, A., Wong, K., & Papadopoulos, M.C. (2012). Acute disc herniation in the elderly. British Journal of Neurosurgery, 26(2), 255-257. doi: 10.3109/02688697.2011.625506. PMID: 22077584.

Zhu, K., Su, Q., Chen, T., Zhang, J., Yang, M., Pan, J., Wan, W., Zhang, A., & Tan, J. (2020). Association between lumbar disc herniation and facet joint osteoarthritis. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 21, 56. doi:10.1186/s12891-020-3085-9